^a Gk. διχηλοῦν ὁπλὴν means dividing the hoof into χηλήs (cleaved parts). The lexica indicate the three words used in this verse, ὁπλή, ὀνυχιστήρ, and χηλή all mean hoof, which obscures their distinction and makes this verse confusing. Gk. ὁπλή, hoof, is the overarching word for hoof: Ez. 26:11: ταῖς ὁπλαῖς τῶν ἵππων, the hooves of horses.

^b Gk. ὀνυχιστῆρας ὀνυχίζον, is the shaping/forming/making (ὀνυχίζω, "claw-ize," i.e., make like a claw) of the cleaved parts of the hoof (the χηλήs) into smaller, claw-like hooves (ὀνυχίστήρs). (Per Wikipedia: The two digits of cloven-hooved animals...are called claws.... The space between the two claws is called the interdigital cleft....) Gk. ὄνυξ is a talon, claw, or fingernail: Ez. 17:3: ὁ ἀετὸς ὁ μέγας...πλήρης ὀνύχων, the great eagle full of talons; Ez. 17:7: ἀετός ἕτερος μέγας...πολὺς ὄνυχιν, another great eagle (with) many talons; DnTh 4:33: οἱ ὄνυχες αὐοῦ ὡς ὀρνέων, his fingernails (grew) as (those) of birds; DnTh 7:19: ὄνυχες αὐτοῦ χαλκοῖ, (the fourth beast's) claws (were) of brass.

^c Gk. δύο χηλῶν, of two cleaved parts. "Cloven-hoofed" specifically means having a two-toed hoof. The phrase διχηλοῦν ὁπλὴν καὶ ὀνυχιστῆρας ὁνιχίζον, cleaving the hoof and forming it into smaller, claw-like hooves does not itself define a two-toed, cloven hoof; δύο χηλῶν makes it two-toed. Hooved mammals, called ungulates, can be one-, two-, three-, or four-toed. Even-toed ungulates are called artiodactyla (lit., even-toed or even-fingered). Sheep, goats, cattle, bison, pigs, deer, antelopes, pronghorns, and giraffes are two-toed ungulates "with two main hooves on each foot, together called a cloven hoof." Camels, llamas, and alpacas, are two-toed ungulates, but walk on their feet, not on their hooves. Hippopotamuses are four-toed ungulates. Odd-toed ungulates are called perissodactyla (lit., odd-toed or odd-fingered). Horses, donkeys, and zebras are one-toed ungulates. Rhinoceroses are three-toed ungulates. Tapirs are four-toed in the front and three-toed in the back. (Elephants are "near-ungulates," having toenails, not hooves.)

^d Gk. ἀνάψει μηρυκιστμὸν, regurgitating partially digested food (and chewing again).